A fork is occurs when two miners find a valid hash within a short space of time.They both spread the solution for verification to their neighbours.As the process continues the network will split into two, where one half of the network believes one block is the next to be included in the blockchain ledger, whilst the other half of the network believes in a different block.This problem is almost always resolved quickly, or within one block – the probability of two blocks being found within two seconds of each other for two block rewards consecutively is very low.A one block fork occurs roughly once a week, whilst a two block fork occurs extremely rarely.The problem is solved by the part of the network that finds the next block, as this blockchain is then said to have more difficulty – or higher complexity.The other part of the network will then make its blocks redundant and adopt the 2 blocks of the longer half of the blockchain.The block that it thought was the solution will then be stored in a pool as an orphan block.

This is called blockchain reconvergence.This brings up an interesting problem with other crypto currencies, for example litecoin, where the targeted block time is set to two and a half minutes instead of Bitcoins ten minutes.As the block time is less with Litecoin there is a higher probability of blocks being solved within seconds of each other and causing a Litecoin Fork.This is the compromise between transaction confirmation and network forking – for example Fastcoin with a block target time of less than thirty seconds will create a multitude of forks.Ethereum has got around this issue by using the Ghost protocol which rewards uncle blocks - blocks that are valid solutions but not included in the blockchain itself.Claymore has updated his ZCash AMD GPU miner to version 12.5 adding support for the ZCash forks (altcoins using the same Equihash algorithm) as well as doing some more improvements to the miner.The latest version comes with improved fans management for latest drivers and Polaris cards, added shares-per-GPU statistics when “s” key is pressed, addend an option to use a password for remote monitoring as well as included EthMan v3.0 which supports passwords and email notifications.

This is currently the preferred solution by most miners mining ZEC or other coins based on the Equihash algorithm for AMD OpenCL GPU mining rigs, the miner does not yet have support for Nvidia GPUs.bitcoin global transaction ledgerNvidia miners can go for some of the available options for CUDA mining such as the nheqminer, excavator or EWBF’s CUDA Zcash miner for mining coins using the Equihash algorithm on their hardware.litecoin worth history– To download and try the latest Claymore’s ZCash AMD GPU Miner v12.5…bitcoin-qt double spendingZero-knowledge proving scheme is a decentralized and open-source technology that offers privacy and selective transparency of transactions.ethereum romania

Zclassic is a fork of Zcash: (@HeyRhett) decided to take another path by removing the 20% fee.litecoin mining for macMiners are simply earning their fair reward, we believe they deserve it, and the coin development can be supported by the community.bitcoin bytecoinZCL also differs from ZEC by removing the slow start (source), we are not trying to deliberately engineer scarcity: The Market decides the price.We are using the same parameters which were produced in the now famous secure "trusted setup meeting" (source) where Peter Todd participated, and he confirmed to us (source) they are safe to use.If just one of the participants kept their key secret and destroyed it, the whole system is secure.If the split between Ethereum and Ethereum Classic wasn't definitive yet, it is now.Ethereum Classic, the project born out of rejection of Ethereum's reversal of The DAO , just hard forked.

With that, Ethereum Classic implemented the biggest protocol change yet, and has further differentiated itself from the Ethereum project.Most importantly, the hard fork - dubbed "Die Hard" - diffused the difficulty bomb, which was set to freeze the protocol later this year.Additionally, Ethereum Classic implemented replay protection, to ensure Ethereum transactions are no longer valid on the Ethereum Classic chain and vice versa.It also adjusted technical parameters to increase the cost of certain spam attacks."This protocol upgrade demonstrated growing maturity of Ethereum Classic, as it's starting to blaze its own path not only in terms of ideology, but also technical choices," Ethereum Classic's project coordinator, "Arvicco" told Bitcoin Magazine ."Such as a commitment to staying on proof-of-work consensus for a prolonged period."The Difficulty Bomb The original Ethereum protocol, as implemented by the Ethereum Foundation , included a so-called "difficulty bomb."Baked into the software, Ethereum's mining difficulty is programmed to increase exponentially over time.

This has been unnoticeable up till now, but by around April or May of this year, it is set to increase so rapidly that mining will necessarily become unprofitable.As a result, no more blocks will be found at all, and the protocol will effectively freeze, creating an "Ice Age."The Ethereum Foundation implemented this difficulty bomb to force its own hand - and that of the broader Ethereum community.As outlined in its release documents , the Ethereum Foundation planned to roll out the Ethereum project in several stages, each one requiring a hard fork.The difficulty bomb was implemented to ensure that developers and the community would have to switch to a new protocol this year; eventually working toward a proof-of-stake mining algorithm known as "Casper."As a continuation of the original Ethereum protocol, Ethereum Classic also included that difficulty bomb.The Ethereum Classic community, however, has decided it will not follow the Ethereum Foundation road map, most notably regarding Casper.

As such, there is little need for Ethereum Classic to keep the difficulty bomb, and it was removed with the Die Hard hard fork.This gives the project more time to work on further protocol development, Arvicco said."Now that the most critical technical issues such as difficulty bomb and replay protection are resolved, ETC dev team will start focusing more on longer-term changes, such as monetary policy and improved platform stability and security."The Split With every hard fork, there exists a risk of not everyone switching to the new protocol, in effect creating two different networks and currencies.This is how the Ethereum Classic project itself started, of course, and could happen again.So far, however, Die Hard seems to have gone through with few holdouts.While it is too early to tell with full certainty whether the ecosystem has fully switched to the new protocol, there didn't appear to be much opposition beforehand.A vast majority of hash power has also made the switch - though at time of writing a small number of miners hadn't yet.