For those of us Windows (or Apple) users, Linux can be daunting at first.It's the wild west of operating systems.In many ways is far superior than it's Microsoft and Apple counterparts; however, there are some strong caveats.To make bitcoin and litecoin even more confusing to the average person, try adding Linux to the mix.I hope to break down a few of the barriers to entry in the bitcoin/litecoin mining arena, in the world of Linux.I'm using a fresh install of Linux, and the following hardware: Processor: AMD FX 6100 6-Core Processor Power Supply: Cooler Master Silent Pro M - 1000W 80 PLUS Bronze Power Supply Graphics card: Sapphire AMD Radeon 7970 Dual-x Grahics Card (I'm using two gpu's) First we must install Linux.For this tutorial, I'm using Xubuntu 12.04 (see the link above).Download the xubuntu distribution, and place it on a USB drive (or burn it to a DVDROM).I use an application called: Linux live usb creator.This is an easy way to get an install of linux on a USB drive, from a windows computer.

Insert the USB drive to the PC you want linux on, and boot into the BIOS.Inside the BIOS, you'll need to change the boot order, so that the USB drive boots first.You'll have to change it back once Linux is installed.bitcoin konto auszahlenThe Linux install will begin upon bootup.bitcoin not yet redeemedSelect "Install Xubuntu", and it will begin.bitcoin russian forum gmailIt's best to let it use the automatic settings, if you don't know what you're doing.bitcoin securities lawWhen it prompts you for a username and password, be sure to select "log in automatically" After the installation is complete, the computer will reboot.uk bitcoin miner hosting

At this point, you can remove the USB drive, and go back into the BIOS settings, and change the boot order back to your hard drive.Boot into Linux for the first time, you'll be prompted to update the system.It's always a good practice to update your system before you begin.bitcoin euaNote:  Using sdk & driver versions different from the versions listed above may cause problems.After you've updated your Linux installation, we are ready to begin.Open up your web browser, and download to your "home/username" directory the AMD driver, AMD SDK, and AMD ADL (links are above).Navigate to your "Home/username" directory, and verify that you've downloaded these files.Open up the Terminal Emulator program.ATTENTION:  If you are mining with a GPU, you must use Cgminer version 3.7 or below!The GPU portion of the code has been removed.Inside your home directory, download Cgminer 3.7 Now it's time to install the AMD drivers.We downloaded them into our Home directory.

Inside your terminal emulator, do the following: cd /opt sudo tar xvzf /home/username/AMD-APP-SDK-v2.8.1.0-lnx32.tgz cd / sudo tar xvzf /opt/icd-registration.tgz cd /opt sudo tar xvzf AMD-APP-SDK-v2.8.1.0-RC-lnx32.tgz sudo ln -s /opt/AMD-APP-SDK-v2.8.1.0-RC-lnx32/include/CL /usr/include sudo ln -s /opt/AMD-APP-SDK-v2.8.1.0-RC-lnx32/lib/x86/* /usr/lib/ Now we will install the ADL drivers.Inside the home/username directory mkdir ADL mv ADL_SDK_5.0.zip ADL cd ADL unzip ADL_SDK_5.0.zip sudo cp include/*.h /home/username/cgminer/ADL_SDK cd cgminer ./autogen.sh       # Only needed if building from git CFLAGS="-O2 -Wall -march=native -I/opt/AMD-APP-SDK-v2.8.1.0-RC-lnx32/include" LDFLAGS="-L/opt/AMD-APP-SDK-v2.8.1.0-RC-lnx32/lib/x86" ./configure --enable-opencl --enable-scrypt Your output should look something like this Then type the following commands: Install the AMD Catalyst driver (fglrx).

In your terminal, go into your home/username directory, and lets finish!This will prompt you with the AMD installation window (pictures).Once the system has rebooted, open your Terminal emulator, and type the following commands: Now we can see if our installation has been successful.Type the following commands: sudo aticonfig --lsa sudo aticonfig --adapter=all --odgt This will give you an output that looks something like this: Now, we have to make sure that cgminer recognizes our drivers, and our GPU cards.In terminal: It should look like this, with no errors.You can start cgminer, and enter the pool information manually.This will be the final confirmation, that you've installed, and configured everything properly.Here is a fresh install, with no overclock settings.To configure, and optimize your AMD graphics cards, I've created a tutorial, that can be read here:  How to configure Cgminer to mine bitcoin, and litecoinJump to: , The data directory is the location where Bitcoin's data files are stored, including the wallet data file.

Contents 1 2 3 4 5 Go to Start -> Run (or press WinKey+R) and run this: Bitcoin's data folder will open.For most users, this is the following locations: "AppData" and "Application data" are hidden by default.You can also store Bitcoin data files in any other drive or folder.If you have already downloaded the data then you will have to move the data to the new folder.If you want to store them in D:\BitcoinData then click on "Properties" of a shortcut to bitcoin-qt.exe and add -datadir=D:\BitcoinData at the end as an example: Start Bitcoin, now you will see all the files are created in the new data directory.By default Bitcoin will put its data here: You need to do a "ls -a" to see directories that start with a dot.If that's not it, you can do a search like this: By default Bitcoin will put its data here: An overview of these is in [files.md] in the Bitcoin Core documentation.The data, index and log files are used by Oracle Berkeley DB, the embedded key/value data store that Bitcoin uses.

Contains testnet versions of these files (if running with -testnet) [v0.8 and above] Contains blockchain data.[v0.8 and above] A LevelDB database with a compact representation of all currently unspent transaction outputs and some metadata about the transactions they are from.The data here is necessary for validating new incoming blocks and transactions.It can theoretically be rebuilt from the block data (see the -reindex command line option), but this takes a rather long time.Without it, you could still theoretically do validation indeed, but it would mean a full scan through the blocks (7 GB as of may 2013) for every output being spent.[v0.8 and above] Contains "undo" data.You can see blocks as 'patches' to the chain state (they consume some unspent outputs, and produce new ones), and see the undo data as reverse patches.They are necessary for rolling back the chainstate, which is necessary in case of reorganizations.There is a torrent file that gets updated every few months that enables a much faster download of the blockchain.

Once downloaded, the bootstrap.dat file can be placed in the root of the data directory, and Bitcoin Core 0.7.1 and above will automatically import it.NOTE: As of Bitcoin Core version 0.10.0 and later, the blockchain bootstrap torrent is slower than a direct download using the bitcoin P2P protocol & client.[2]This section may be of use to you if you wish to send a friend the blockchain, avoiding them a hefty download.Other files and folders (blocks, blocks/index, chainstate) may be safely transferred/archived as they contain information pertaining only to the public blockchain.The database files in the "blocks" and "chainstate" directories are cross-platform, and can be copied between different installations.These files, known collectively as a node's "block database", represent all of the information downloaded by a node during the syncing process.In other words, if you copy installation A's block database into installation B, installation B will then have the same syncing percentage as installation A. This is usually far faster than doing the normal initial sync over again.

However, when you copy someone's database in this way, you are trusting them absolutely.Bitcoin Core treats its block database files as 100% accurate and trustworthy, whereas during the normal initial sync it treats each block offered by a peer as invalid until proven otherwise.If an attacker is able to modify your block database files, then they can do all sorts of evil things which could cause you to lose bitcoins.Therefore, you should only copy block databases from Bitcoin installations under your personal control, and only over a secure connection.Each node has a unique block database, and all of the files are highly connected.So if you copy just a few files from one installation's "blocks" or "chainstate" directories into another installation, this will almost certainly cause the second node to crash or get stuck at some random point in the future.If you want to copy a block database from one installation to another, you have to delete the old database and copy all of the files at once.