The Bats BZX Exchange filed a proposed rule change to list and trade shares of the Winklevoss Bitcoin Trust.Yesterday, the SEC issued an order denying the request thus halting what could have been the first ETF designed to track Bitcoin.The news jarred the value of Bitcoin but the digital currency quickly regained its footing.The Winkelvoss brothers helped to create Facebook with Mark Zuckerberg – who went on to monetize the social network.In a dramatic lawsuit, the Winkelvoss brothers won tens of millions of dollars in a financial settlement regarding the origin of Facebook.CNBC quoted Tyler Winklevoss, on the SEC refusal; “We remain optimistic and committed to bringing COIN to market, and look forward to continuing to work with the SEC staff.We began this journey almost four years ago, and are determined to see it through.We agree with the SEC that regulation and oversight are important to the health of any marketplace and the safety of all investors.” “…the Commission believes that the significant markets for bitcoin are unregulated.

Therefore, as the Exchange has not entered into, and would currently be unable to enter into, the type of surveillance-sharing agreement that has been in place with respect to all previously approved commodity-trust ETPs—agreements that help address concerns about the potential for fraudulent or manipulative acts and practices in this market—the Commission does not find the proposed rule change to be consistent with the Exchange Act.” The SEC is swimming against the tide, though.National banks around the world are looking as to how they can better regulate or facilitate cryptocurrencies.China recently pushed forward with plans to launch a bespoke digital currency.The People’s Bank of China expects to become the first central bank to issue digital currency.On the other side of the debate, Canada has published a paper that warns against possible digital counterfeiting for Bitcoin.In brief, many regulators are flummoxed as to what do next.Meanwhile, innovation in digital currency advances… View this document on Scribd 13 © 2017 Crowded Media Group.

Satoshi Nakamoto, a name known to bitcoin traders, practitioners and boosters around the world as the title used by the mysterious founder of the cryptocurrency, appeared to have been revealed to the world on Thursday after Newsweek published a story that said Nakamoto lived in California.The story included a photograph of an eldery Japanese American man and said he lived in Temple City, just east of Los Angeles.Reporter Leah McGrath Goodman quoted him as saying: “I am no longer involved in that and I cannot discuss it,” and “It’s been turned over to other people.They are in charge of it now.I no longer have any connection.” Before long, dozens of reporters circled a modest two-storey house thought to be his home on Thursday morning.No-one answered the doorbell, though several times, someone pulled back the drapes on an upstairs window, suggesting the person was keeping an eye on the street.In the afternoon, Dorian S Nakamoto stepped outside and told reporters he had nothing to do with bitcoin.

But he said he was looking for someone who understood Japanese, to buy him a free lunch.An AP reporter stepped forward, and the two made their way to a nearby sushi restaurant with media in tow, before leaving and driving to the Associated Press offices in downtown Los Angeles followed by other reporters – and tracked by the #bitcoincarchase hashtag on Twitter.bitcoin reuters codeWhen he arrived, he once again denied any involvement with bitcoin during a two-hour interview – this time on camera (see video above).litecoin on a macSince bitcoin began in 2009, the currency’s creator has remained a mystery, with many journalists speculating on who it may be.litecoin buy redditFor its part, Newsweek has continued to stand by its story.xapo bitcoin account

Recent weeks have seen the collapse of Mt.Gox, once among the largest of the bitcoin exchanges, and the closure of Canadian bitcoin lender Flexcoin.The collapse of Mt.Gox has shaken confidence in the digital currency, which advocates believe will smooth financial transactions across the world.Opponents criticise it as a risky, unregulated investment.bitcoin pending confirmationsUnlike conventional money, bitcoin is bought and sold on a peer-to-peer network independent of central control.ethereum token walletIn December, the value of a single bitcoin hit an all-time high of $1,200.bitcoin difficulty history tableNick Szabo has denied this allegation and offered proof that it is untrue.namecoin bitcoin

However, it is unlikely that the proof he has offered will meet or exceed the minimum standard of proof that those who are actively scouring the earth for Nakamoto require.Nevertheless, the proof I have found after reading and mostly misapprehending Szabo's blog, Unenumerated, follows this brief excerpt from Wikipedia, below."Investigationsbitcoin casino exploitinto the real identity of Satoshi Nakamoto have been attempted by The New Yorker and Fast Company.The New Yorker's investigation brought up at least two possible candidates: Michael Clear and Vili Lehdonvirta.Fast Company's investigation brought up circumstantial evidence linking an encryption patent application filed by Neal King, Vladimir Oksman and Charles Bry on 15 August 2008, and the Open source P2P money domain name which was registered 72 hours later."Theputationally impractical to reverse" appeared in both the patent application and bitcoin's whitepaper.[6]

All three inventors explicitly denied being Satoshi Nakamoto.[74][75]"InMay 2013, Ted Nelson speculated that Japanese mathematician Shinichi Mochizuki is Satoshi Nakamoto.[76]Later in 2013 the Israeli researchers, Dorit Ron and Adi Shamir, pointed to Silk Road-linked Ross William Ulbricht as the possible person behind the cover.The two researchers based their suspicion on an analysis of the network of bitcoin transactions.[77]These allegations were contested.[78]Nakamoto's involvement with Bitcoin does not appear to extend past mid-2010.[79]"InApril 2011, Nakamoto communicated with a Bitcoin contributor saying he had "moved on to other things".[80]Stefan Thomas, a Swiss coder and active community member, graphed the time stamps for each of Nakamoto's 500-plus bitcoin forum posts; the resulting chart showed a steep decline to almost no posts between the hours of 5 am and 11 am Greenwich Mean Time.Because this pattern held true even on Saturdays and Sundays, it suggested that Nakamoto was asleep at this time, and the hours of 5 am to 11 am GMT are midnight to 6 am Eastern Standard Time.

Other clues suggested that Nakamoto was British: A newspaper headline he had encoded in the genesis block came from the UK-published Times of London, and both his forum posts and his comments in the bitcoin source code used such Brit spellings as optimise and colour.[81]"Aninternet search by an anonymous blogger of texts similar in writing to the Bitcoin whitepaper suggests Nick Szabo's "bit gold" articles as having a similar author.[5]UnenumeratedWhile the security technology is very far from trivial, the "why" was by far the biggest stumbling block -- nearly everybody who heard the general idea thought it was a very bad idea.Myself, Wei Dai, and Hal Finney were the only people I know of who liked the idea (or in Dai's case his related idea) enough to pursue it to any significant extent until Nakamoto (assuming Nakamoto is not really Finney or Dai).Only Finney (RPOW) and Nakamoto were motivated enough to actually implement such a scheme.[...](3)Nakamoto improved a significant security shortcoming that my design had, namely by requiring a proof-of-work to be a node in the Byzantine-resilient peer-to-peer system to lessen the threat of an untrustworthy party controlling the majority of nodes and thus corrupting a number of important security features.

Yet another feature obvious in hindsight, quite non-obvious in foresight.[...](4)Instead of my automated market to account for the fact that the difficulty of puzzles can often radically change based on hardware improvements and cryptographic breakthroughs (i.e.discovering algorithms that can solve proofs-of-work faster), and the unpredictability of demand, Nakamoto designed a Byzantine-agreed algorithm adjusting the difficulty of puzzles.I can't decide whether this aspect of Bitcoin is more feature or more bug, but it does make it simpler.[...]>...If you read the Wikipedia article, you should know that I didn't create Bitcoin but only described a similar idea more than a decade ago.And my understanding is that the creator of Bitcoin, who goes by the name Satoshi Nakamoto, didn't even read my article before reinventing the idea himself.He learned about it afterward and credited me in his paper....Edit: I know the evidence I have cited to prove Szabo is not  Satoshi is worrisomely thin to some.

However, I feel that the evidence that Dorian Nakamoto is Satoshi is even thinner!Yes, Satoshi is very likely Nick Szabo.Two curious things about it: 1./cry... ) but completely ignored the "Bit gold" thing.Very strange, given that Satoshi cited Dai Wei's similar (but more distant) idea as a first reference in his paper.A much more normal reaction would have been "damn, I should have been aware of this and I should have cited Nick's idea; thanks for the link, Hal!"Instead, a total silence.Note that this was on 2008-11-092.Note that while the URL has 2005 in it, today on Nick's blog it is filed under 2008 (absent in 2005 lists, too) and the post is claimed to have been made on 2008-12-27.Since Hal probably did not travel into the future, it follows that Nick backdated the post to make it appear to be done after the release of the Bitcoin paper.Some other things that make Nick the best candidate: - Face it, Nick's "Bit gold" is practically Bitcoin, just fully developed one.Not to mention it's practically the same name.

- In comments section to another apparently backdated blog post (it does not make any sense if it were post Bitcoin!)...): "I suspect this is all obscure enough that (a) it may require most people  to sit down and work it out for themselves carefully before it can be  well understood, and (b) it would greatly benefit from a demonstration,  an experimental market (with e.g.a trusted third party substituted for  the complex security that would be needed for a real system).Anybody  want to help me code one up?"I am guessing that eventually someone did - he needed to clean up the code and have someone else look over it.Basic proof-reading, at a minimum.- The claimed similarities in word usage (I have no idea how true this is but testing should be straightforward - Satoshi left 18 messages to the Cryptography mailing list/Usenet and 576 posts to Bitcoin forum; more than enough to test against numerous Nick's papers).I can see tons of style and formatting similarities, some of them rather unusual (e.g.

use of "pages" in citations in place of "pp.").- Time stamps of Satoshi's forum posts firmly establish that he is in the USA, East Coast and that he is someone with very flexible time, posting during work hours, with a dip for commute back home and resuming from home.Like an academic in Washington, DC.- Of all people, a former law professor would be somewhere very close to the top of being able to afford to not touch his Bitcoin riches.- Try to find personal info on Nick by simple googling.There is practically none - and that is not an easy feat to accomplish!Clearly, the guy cares deeply about his privacy and went pretty far to clean up his Internet tracks.- They have the same initials.- Satoshi's views on politics and economics are a close match to Nick's: http://szabo.best.vwh.net ./Privacy/Crypto...  - note double space after a period.This is absent in his blog entries but apparently double spaces are being stripped by browsers.- /moneybeat/2... (which became reverse Polish notation in Newsweek's rubbish journalism).